Theory+of+change+First+Critical+Reflection+Workshop+31st+October+and+1st+November+2016

Theory of change First Critical Reflection Workshop 31st October and 1st November 2016 Oceanic Bay Hotel and Resort, Bagamoyo.



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 * Overall objectives: **
 * To provide an opportunity for Maziwa Zaidi staff and partners to think together about the real progress that they are making against planned changes over the last 12 months and adapt change pathways and plans in the light toc
 * To agree how key elements of the context have changed; and how these may have affected the programme
 * To understand and agree what has really changed for the different target groups and what it means for them
 * To explore how and where the programme has been able to contribute to these identified changes
 * To test the assumptions that were made at the beginning of the programme
 * To consider how they should adapt elements of the programme to ensure that they are become more effective in supporting positive changes for their target groups

Purpose: Purpose: to reflect together on and highlight changes in contexts in Tanzania since ToC was developed in 2015 || Purpose: Purpose: Purpose:
 * Agenda**
 * < ** Time ** ||< ** Topic ** ||
 * < 8.30 ||< Introduction to the workshop
 * For staff and partners to meet each other and agree the workshop programme,
 * To provide an overview/Reminder of ToC process to date and provide an explanation of how this critical reflection process fits ||
 * < 10.00 ||< BREAK ||
 * < 10.30 ||< Update on Context Analysis
 * < 13.00  ||< LUNCH ||
 * < 14.00 ||< Analysis of changes that the programme has been able to contribute to in the last 12 months
 * To discuss and report on relevant change areas in their change pathway (positive, negative, expected and unexpected.
 * To consider who or what contributed to or hindered changes from taking place;
 * To report on the validity of relevant assumptions that were made when the pathway was developed ||
 * < 15.30 ||< BREAK ||
 * < 15.45  ||< Analysis of changes that the programme has been able to contribute to in the last 12 months (continued) ||
 * < 17.30 ||< ** CLOSE ** ||
 * <  ||< DAY 2 ||
 * < 8.30 ||< Welcome and start up ||
 * < 8.45 ||< Report and comment findings from Day 1:
 * < 8.45 ||< Report and comment findings from Day 1:
 * For all participants to share and comment on the findings from Day One exercise ||
 * < 10.15 ||< BREAK ||
 * < 10.45 ||< Critical reflection of results and recommendations for adapting pathway for upcoming year
 * To reflect on current strengths and weaknesses of programme to date and make adjustments to ensure that efforts in the next twelve months are as effective as possible ||
 * < 12.45 ||< Brief evaluation of the workshop ||
 * < 13.00 ||< **CLOSE** ||

**Participants**

 * < **1.Project Partners** ||
 * < **Name** ||< **Organization** ||
 * < Eline Nkya ||< Heifer ||
 * < Henry Njakoi ||< Former Country Director at Heifer ||
 * < Nelson Kilongozi ||< TDB Registrar ||
 * < Aichi Kitalyi ||< TDB Chair ||
 * < Tom Sillayo ||< Faida Mali CEO ||
 * < Adolf Mushi ||< Faida Mali ||
 * < Nisefori Mkwama ||< Faida Mali ||
 * < Julius Bwire ; ||< TALIRI ||
 * < Salim Werner Nandonde ||< MALF ||
 * < Kidoido, Michael ; ||< ILRI ||
 * < Lusato Kurwijila ||< SUA ||
 * < Nsanya Ndanshau ||< Rural development Advisor, Embassy of Ireland ||
 * < Anunciate Njombe ||< MALF ||
 * < **2. District Executive Directors - Local Government Authority** ||
 * < Mary Nkwabi ||< Livestock Officer, Mvomero; ||
 * < Yuda Mgeni ||< Ag District Executive Director Kilosa ||
 * < Sekiara Kiariro ||< Livestock Officer, Handeni ||
 * < Elizier Moses ||< District Livestock and Fisheries Officer, Lushoto ||
 * < Leonard Hermani ||< Vet Officer, Bumbul ||
 * < **3. CGIAR Researchers ** ||
 * < Birthe Paul ||< CIAT ||
 * < Edgar Twine ||< ILRI ||
 * < Celestine Munyaneza ||< ILRI Student ||
 * < Irene Bayiyana ||< ILRI Student ||
 * < Johannes Osarya ||< ILRI ||
 * < Daniel Kangogo ||< ILRI ||
 * < James Rao ||< ILRI ||
 * < Julius Githinji ||< ILRI ||
 * < Ben Lukuyu ||< ILRI ||
 * < Isabelle Baltenweck ||< ILRI ||
 * < Amos Omore ||< ILRI ||
 * <  Maureen O'Flynn ||< Facilitator ||
 * < <span style="color: #262626; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 14.6667px;">Beauty Liundi ||< <span style="color: #262626; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 14.6667px;">Admin/logistics ||
 * < Mercy <span style="color: #262626; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 14.6667px;">Becon ||< Communication ||
 * < Mercy <span style="color: #262626; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 14.6667px;">Becon ||< Communication ||

**Setting the Scene:**
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The workshop was attended by about 35 dairy stakeholders from academic institutions, local authorities, research institutions, government agencies and producer organizations; and was facilitated by Maureen O’Flynn, who called upon the project coordinator Prof. Kurwijila to open the workshop, and welcome the stakeholders to the deliberations.

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The facilitator gave five minutes for participants to form groups and introduce themselves on where each member works and what they do for Maziwa Zaidi. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Amos Omore gave an overview of the [|meaning of Maziwa Zaidi dairy value chain programme], which is an experiment for dairy development in Tanzania from which stakeholders in the sector can draw lessons to transform the value chain. Amos explained that the programme creates a win-win situation for food, nutrition and poverty by and for the poor.

**<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Questions and comments: **
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Are there partners focused on consumer nutrition e.g. children nutrition? <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Answer: yes, nutrition is catered for to address stunting. Maziwa Zaidi works to empower women and children nutrition. We have developed metrics to measure impact of dairy on nutrition. We hope to do a lot more of such work.

**<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Overall objectives: **
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The facilitator asked the participants to form to think together about the real progress over the last 12 months, what are the efforts of Maziwa Zaidi, other situations, other programmes, testing assumptions. A lot has changed, technology updates, what do we need to change? What was working, what are the strong pathways, what do we need to change, what’s not working?

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">There was plenary discussion on the meaning of the Theory of Change, what is involved and how Maziwa Zaidi is using it. The groups sought to seek what drives change, barriers to change, what should happen /pathways to change and assumptions for critical reflection. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The facilitator presented the and  <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">which show that Theory of Change is a process that needs wide consultation not a tool.



<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The benefits of ToC were agreed to be: <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">In group work, the participants were asked to discuss: The Theory of Change and what they understand about its use.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Can help to decide on what project to fund
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Helps you think better.

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Answer: it’s good to have a realistic goal and the helicopter view comes to play in this case.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Questions and comments: **
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">What is the practicability of engaging all stakeholders that they have the same understanding to know the area they are supporting?
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">What is the horizon/target to change the dairy sector in Tanzania?
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">This is our first time to understand the theory of change. It is simple and clear to everyone
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">We have understood that not all actors can feel the same effect at the same time, because it’s a process that more people will understand with time.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">We have clearly understood the Theory of Change
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">I have realized the difference between Maziwa Zaidi and MoreMilkiT
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">We have to narrow down the core stakeholders who will be affected by our goals, and manage the relationship between change makers and beneficiaries.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The pathway should be known and owned by all stakeholders.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Theory of change should be sensitive to supply and demand.

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Presentations
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Amos Omore, Aichi and Michael presented highlights of the [|changes since Theory of change was developed] <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The programme is addressing the supply because there has been an under investment e.g. dairy contributes 1.5% of total GDP compared to Kenya which has 8%GDP. Maziwa Zaidi therefore chose to strengthen the weak middle by building hubs around milk traders. Long term goals of Maziwa Zaidi are derived from ASDP I and ASDP II that emphasize on rural commercialization.

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Aichi presented about negative and positive external national and institutional changes affecting the dairy sector and the project. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The participants were then given charts, coloured markers and given 45 minutes to come up with top 5 issues and how they might affect the programme. The issues were around global trends, markets, policy changes at national level and technology. After the discussions, group representatives presented what was discussed to other participants.

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">In the afternoon, Michael Kidoido distributed the <span class="wiki_link"> and the groups were given 15 minutes to talk through the elements presented and identify the change areas that fit in the pathway with stickers.

**<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Workshop review of day one **
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">At the end of the first day, the facilitator asked in plenary for participants to state on:
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">What did you like about today and why?
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">What did you find difficult or challenging

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The facilitator started reading the workshop review of the previous day to the participants, then gave the groups 15 minutes to continue working on the Theory of Change charts with stickers. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Still on the theory of change pathway, the facilitator asked the groups to review assumptions made for the area of change they are working on and discuss:
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Day 2: Planning for 2017 changes and priorities **
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Why it was important to test the assumptions
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">To what extent it proved valid/false with reasons and examples

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Round 1: The groups were then asked to work in pairs and rotate to other groups to exchange ideas. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Round 2: groups joined in twos to get opinions from other groups until the facilitator called to end group discussions and gave a 30 minutes break. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">After the break, the groups were dismantled to form new groups to discuss:
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">What are you doing next year?
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Form new bigger groups (3) and appoint facilitators
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Identify what is working well and the gaps that need filling
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Highlight top priorities for Maziwa Zaidi to consider for 2017
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Presentation by each group

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">AOB: We need to revise the changes e.g. youth is missing and consolidate areas which make sense such as the DDF

**<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Closing the workshop: **
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The workshop was closed with conclusion statements from the programme leaders: <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Statement from Amos:
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">We are very clear what the way forward looks like
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">We have revised the theory of change which we will use for planning and seeking resources to work on it.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">We will have a report for reference
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">We appreciate the enthusiasm among our partners in this

**<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">AOB: Concerns from the participants **
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Tanzania Dairy Board to address dairy challenges and ensure Maziwa Zaidi objectives are met. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Answer: We (TDB) made strategies to engage experts in formulating our communication strategy to deal with our stakeholders. We are also working with the ministry and new projects like PAID to deliver AI services around the country.

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Statement from Prof. Kurwijila:
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The government should coordinate and ensure future projects build on synergy to minimize duplication for example by working with farmer organizations already in place.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Theory of Change can be managed by TDB
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">TDB to keep in check future projects by embedding the revised Theory of Change and use it to coordinate dairy stakeholders.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Thanked participants for their efforts and attention during the workshop.

**Summary of ToC progress**
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">After the workshop, the group facilitators compiled